Submission Guidelines 1. Submissions from all over the world are welcomed. 2. All submissions must be in good English (Either American or British). 3. All submissions MUST be made solely to one journal. Simultaneous submissions, either to Affirm journals of other publishers, will be rejected. 4. Submissions MUST be between 3000 and 10.000 words. 5. All submissions MUST adhere to APA Style (6th) edition. To learn more about APA style, you can refer to https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html 6. Conflict of interest: Authors should mention the actual or potential conflict of interest, i.e., financial, personal, or any type. They should also explain how it has influenced the work. 7. Two peer reviewers in the field will review all submitted manuscripts. 8. The authors MUST provide a complete list of references. 9. All authors must have significantly contributed to the submitted paper; if there is a co-author(s) in the submitted manuscript, the corresponding author should mention his/her name. 10. Addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names after acceptance of the manuscript is not allowed. For rearrangements in authorship, the journal editor should be informed before the final decision on the manuscript has been announced. 11. The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, RTF, or WordPerfect document file format. 12. The text is single-spaced; uses a 20-point font (except for tables which is 10 point font); employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end. Headings and Structure 1. All submissions MUST be consistent and straightforward in all levels. For example, the heading and structure should be in the same style throughout the text. If necessary, the headings should be divided into subheadings. Visualizations (Tables, Figures, Diagrams) 1. All tables, figures, and diagrams should be appropriately numbered and have a description. 2. If an author is using a previously published table, figure, or diagram, it should be stated in the text, and relevant permissions should be acquired from the original author(s). 3. Tables, figures, and diagrams should not exceed the size of A4 paper. 4. Formulas should be written using the regular font of the article. 5. Use font 10, Times New Roman for tables. Plagiarism 1. Affirm Publications uses Turnitin software (https://www.turnitin.com/login_page.asp?lang=en_us) to check the similarity of submitted documents. In general, the similarity index based on the Turnitin report should be less than 20%. However, based on the editor-in-chiefs comments, if similarity should be deceased, the author(s) will be informed. 2. In the case of finding fraudulent data in the manuscript, it will be rejected immediately, and the author(s) will be blacklisted in all Affirm Publications' journals. In such cases, the authors are held responsible for providing retractions or corrections of mistakes. Formatting the Manuscript Title Page 1. The title page should include the title, authors' name and affiliation, and sponsorship information. 2. The title should be concise and informative without abbreviations. 3. Author’s names and affiliations should include the given name and surname, authors' affiliation, the postal address of each affiliation, and the e-mail address. 4. An Asterisks should indicate the Corresponding author (*) before his/her name. Abstract A concise and factual abstract is required (maximum length of 250 words). The abstract should include: 1) the purpose of the research, 2) procedure of the study, 3) results, and 4) implications of the study. Keywords 1. The abstract should be immediately followed by 4 to 8 keywords. 2. Avoid general and plural terms and multiple concepts connected by 'and,' 'of,' etc. References 1. Responsibility for the accuracy of bibliographic citations lies entirely with the authors. 2. All in-text citations MUST have a corresponding end-of-text reference. 3. Where available, URLs for the references have been provided. Copyright Notice Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).